Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1993 14:35:35 EDT
From: Ellen Johnson ATLAS[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]uga.cc.uga.edu
Subject: Re: corn meal mush
You're in luck! Mush just happens to be one of the things I asked about in
my 1990 interviews in communities previously surveyed by LAMSAS. Here are
the tallies of terms and some commentary from informants (contains words not
listed in the tallies because they were reported as heard only or otherwise
doubtful). For the most part, the people I talked to had not eaten mush
in many years; it is clearly becoming extinct. In the social analyses, the
word mush was used statistically more often by whites in the earlier sample.
This may be due to use of the competing term "cush" by blacks (though not
freq. enough to show up in the statistics). I take this to be an Africanism
related to couscous. Here are the data:
1930s
cush - 3
mush - 36
turn mush - 1 (refers to turning it in frying process?)
1990
corn mush - 3
cornmeal mush - 2
druel - 1
mush - 14
No response - 9 (us. because they were unfamiliar w/referent and term)
Cultivated speaker fr. Savannah (1930s): mush fed only to cattle
Rural white male, GA, 1930s: hushpup hrd. from "Negroes", interpreted
as something to hush the pups from crying; turn mush made of meal,
turn flour of flour (turn flour also used by a SC speaker)
Rur. Wh. M., Ga, 1930s: cush made of bread crumbs
Educ., middle-aged Wh. Female, SC, 1930s: Indian pudding if sweetened
Uneduc., old, wh. f., SC, 1930s: cush was something cooked over cornbread
rur. wh. m., Ga, 1990: gruel was more liquid, of boiled milk and meal,
eaten when sick (term also offered by SC and NC speakers)
some ate it for breakfast, some for supper, one compared it to cream of wheat
uned. old wh. f., Sc, 1990: ate as a snack
aristocratic, old wh.m., NC, 1990: slaves and old people w/no teeth ate it
old wh. m. rural mountains of NC, 1990 pronounced mush with an extra /r/
There, that's probably more than you wanted to know. I've been out of
town or I would have posted this wealth of info. sooner. I'll stick to the
subject and not get into things like a hog's "liver and lights" or chittlings
today, but these are also foods that were associated w/ poor and or rural
people and are rarely eaten today (though chittlings are still fairly commonly
known, though many people don't know quite what they are). For the record,
I'm 33, grew up in a middle-class suburb of Atlanta, and never saw any of
these items on a dinner table (or elsewhere). This field work was quite an
education for me, but questions like this were good for the interview, as
they allowed the informant to be the expert rather than being intimidated
by someone more educated. Ellen Johnson atlas[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]uga
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1993 14:13:17 CDT
From: Salikoko Mufwene mufw[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]MIDWAY.UCHICAGO.EDU
Subject: Re: corn meal mush
In becoming acculturated in African American culture, one of the things I
learned early was chittlings, served as a delicatesse during the Christmas
season. It often comes with the Christmas dinner, both in the North (Midwest)
and the Southeast.
Salikoko Mufwene
University of Chicago
s-mufwene[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]uchicago.edu
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1993 20:17:07 -0600
From: Dan Goodman dsg[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]STAFF.TC.UMN.EDU
Subject: African American foods
On 22 Jun 1993 14:13:17 -0500 (CDT), Salikoko Mufwene wrote:
In becoming acculturated in African American culture, one of the things I
learned early was chittlings, served as a delicatesse during the Christmas
season. It often comes with the Christmas dinner, both in the North (Midwest)
and the Southeast.
Salikoko Mufwene
University of Chicago
s-mufwene[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]uchicago.edu
At Lake and Lyndale in south Minneapolis, there's a bar which has black-
oriented music at night. They advertise a special soul food menu at night,
cooked by a chef from Chicago.
Among the soul food mentioned is "jew town polisausage." Apparently, soul
food has undergone some changes in Chicago.
Dan Goodman dsg[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]staff.tc.umn.edu
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1993 21:02:09 -0600
From: Dan Goodman dsg[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]STAFF.TC.UMN.EDU
Subject: cross-post of possible interest
----- Forwarded message begins here -----
From: Dan Goodman dsg[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]staff.tc.umn.edu
22 Jun 1993 20:44:59 -0600
To: Multiple recipients of list FOLKTALK FOLKTALK[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]WMVM1.BITNET
Subject: why play by ear when you can read notes?
I'm reviving a dormant topic because it took me a while to work out what I
had to say:
One reason to learn by ear is that it helps in _unlearning_ what you know
about hearing music (and then producing it).
There's a similar problem with speech. Someone whose native language is
German may never be able to hear the distinction in English between th, d,
and t in contexts where the distinction isn't important in German. Someone
from a speech area where r at the end of syllables disappears may never be
able to hear any difference between "silver" and "Silva".
Even written material can be thus "misheard". Oscar Wilde remembered
seeing in the Wild West a sign that said "Please do not shoot the pianist.
He is doing his best." It's likely that the sign actually said "Please
don't shoot the piano player. He's doing the best he can."
English authors get the _rhythm_ of American English wrong. See any of
John Brunner's sf novels set in the US for examples. The only English
writers I've encountered who could write believable American dialog are
Rudyard Kipling and Clive Barker. And I've never heard an English actor
speak American believably, though there are probably a few who can manage
it.
Music is more subtle than speech, I think. Certainly, many aspects of
music are more subtle than word choice, word stress, and verb forms.
Dan Goodman dsg[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]staff.tc.umn.edu
------ Forwarded message ends here ------
Date: Tue, 22 Jun 1993 23:01:00 EDT
From: "James_C.Stalker" STALKER[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]MSU.EDU
Subject: Re: corn meal mush
Chittlins, ah, now there is another delicacy, often eating with cracklin
bread!Chittlins I can pass up. Cracklin bread was pretty good.
Stalker[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]msu.edu
Date: Wed, 23 Jun 1993 13:41:17 GMT
From: Michael Everson EVERSON[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]IRLEARN.UCD.IE
Subject: List of Language Lists, version 1.1
Computer Bulletin Boards for Individual Languages
Prepared by Bernard Comrie and Michael Everson
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This file lists bulletin boards devoted primarily to the
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==========
Computer Bulletin Boards for Individual Languages
Prepared by Bernard Comrie and Michael Everson
Version 1.1 (13 May 1993)
==========
Michael Everson
School of Architecture, UCD; Richview, Clonskeagh; Dublin 14; E/ire
Phone: +353 1 706-2745 Fax: +353 1 283-8908 Home: +353 1 478-2597
Date: Wed, 23 Jun 1993 12:11:26 CDT
From: Salikoko Mufwene mufw[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]MIDWAY.UCHICAGO.EDU
Subject: Re: African American foods
I don't know what Dan's example demonstrates. Several ethnic restaurants
serve dishes that are not representative of the ethnic groups they claim to
represent; they may simply be items their customers like to order.
Salikoko Mufwene
s-mufwene[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]uchicago.edu
Date: Wed, 23 Jun 1993 17:12:30 -0500
From: Natalie Maynor maynor[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]RA.MSSTATE.EDU
Subject: Methods VIII
Any of you who are planning on going to Methods VIII better start making
travel arrangements. I thought I was getting an early start by trying to
buy a plane ticket today (since I'm going to be out of town for much of
July). There are *no* seats left from Victoria to Seattle on August 8
except on Air Alaska, which would make the price several hundred dollars
over the estimate I got from Northwest a month or two ago. Same for
August 9. The travel agent said that she's never seen flights from
Canada so full this far in advance -- that something big must be happening
around that time -- bigger than Methods VIII. Rather than pay all that
extra money that would be required if Air Alaska got involved in the
routing, I'm probably going to fly round-trip Seattle and find a boat.
Do any of you know anything about boats between Seattle and Victoria?
I've heard from an e-mail friend in New England that a pleasant, not-very-
expensive hydrofoil runs between Seattle and Victoria a couple of times
a day.
At least I remembered this time that Canada is a different country.
I didn't get any funding for NWAVE in Montreal several years ago because
I forgot to file the international travel papers three months in advance.
(My apologies to the Canadians on the list who might find that insulting.
I don't consider it an insult, however. I tend to think of land masses
as units and places separated by water as different countries -- which is
perhaps why I remembered to file the international travel papers for
Victoria.)
--Natalie (maynor[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]ra.msstate.edu)
Date: Wed, 23 Jun 1993 17:42:29 -700
From: Warren Keith Russell keru[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]CPU.US.DYNIX.COM
Subject: Re: Methods VIII
There are ferries that run from just outside Seattle to Victoria, several
times a day, as I recall. It's inexpensive and a beautiful
trip--definitely one of the highlights of my trip to Victoria/Vancouver a
few years ago. You may be fortunate that there are no flights available!
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