Date: Thu, 30 Jun 1994 18:04:15 CST

From: salikoko mufwene mufw[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]MIDWAY.UCHICAGO.EDU

Subject: Re: Double modals in Utah



In Message Fri, 1 Jul 1994 06:42:00 +1200,

"George Halliday 09483-9039" HALLIDAYG[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]schools.minedu.govt.nz writes:



Need as a modal



Grammatically modals are marked by their morphology - one feature of

which is the lack of the -s 3rd person marker so needs doesn't look

like a modal here.



How do you handle "modal" uses of "be," as in "He is/was to come" and of

"have," as in "She has to go?" Or should we treat these as "exceptions?"

Does the alternation "He need not consider such examples"/"He does not

need to consider ..." bear on your conclusion?

I assume the part of your statement before the morphological evidence from

English is only about English.

Sali.

Salikoko S. Mufwene

Linguistics, U. of Chicago

s-mufwene[AT SYMBOL GOES HERE]uchicago.edu

312-702-8531